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Chicago (appendix bibliography) and paraphrasing

This page describes what to do is what to do when quote or paraphrasing with the chicago-note bibliography system:

in this section

.
• several quotes in a single footnote
• quotes and block quotes
• quote within a footnote
• multiple titles from the same author

Several quotes in a single footnote

If multiple sources have been used to inform your description, or multiple sources are quoted within a single paragraph or sentence, you can use all sources in a single footnote to reduce the number of footnotes. Put all the quotes off. Through a semicolon and are formatted, as they would appear in a regular footnote (either completely or short form). You will be ordered according to the order you will appear in your text.

When multiple sources are used to prove the same claim, alphabetize the sources within the same footnote, each with a semicolon. Note, each source has its own entry in the bibliography.

. What the justification for the theoretical framework offers 1.

1 Paul Fabell, "Whitmans curious warm floor: Reminiskenz and reconciliation", in the presence of Walt Whitman, Ed. R. W. B. Lewis (New York: Columbia University Press, 1962), 28-51; William Sutton, "the analysis of the free verse form, illustrated by reading Whitman," Journal of Aesthetics and Art Critics 18, no. 2 (December 1959): .

Quotes and block quotes

Direct cartridges are usually set in quotation marks (""), followed by the reference. The page number is only specified in the footnote and not in the bibliography:

When recording data, it is important to remember that "only relevant types of demographic information" 1

should be requested

1 jonathon lazar, web usability: a user-centric design approach (Boston Pearson Addison Wesley, 2006), 35.

Lazar, Jonathon. web usability: a user-centric design approach . Boston, MA: Pearson Addison Wesley, 2006.

If a quote is longer than a paragraph or 100 words or is a list or correspondence, no quotation characters are used, and the quote is engaged instead. Note the entire HUP closure of the quotation and before the footnote number:

lazar describes the sensitive balance of the survey design:

1 jonathon lazar, web usability: a user-centric design approach (Boston Pearson Addison Wesley, 2006), 35.

Quotations should be identical to the original source, but some small changes can be made. See quote for details.

Quote within a footnote

If a footnote contains a quote, the source follows the final punctuation mark of the quotation. The source of the quotation in the footnote is included in the bibliography.

1 Crouchman highlights the voltage between the causes and correlation: "If two variables are considerably correlated, this does not mean that one must be the cause of the other. Association is not enough to build a casual relationship." John Crouchman, introductory mathematics and statistics , 6. Ed. (Sydney: McGraw-Hill Education, 2016), 509.

multiple titles from the same author

In a bibliography, several titles of the same author are listed alphabetically as chronologically. After the first quote, an EM hyphen is used to replace the name of the author.

Joodt, Tony. A big illusion? An essay in Europe. New York: Hill and Wang. 1996.

. ". REAPPRISEALS: Reflections for the forgotten twentieth century. New York: Penguin Press 2008.

-, Ed. Resistance and Revolution in Mediterranean, . New York: Routledge, 1989.

References and read more

Style Chicago Handbook . 17. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2017.[Massey Library Link] [E-Book Link]

Disclaimer

These pages are provided as the guideline for proper referencing. Your course, the department, the school or the institute can prescribe specific conventions, and your recommendations replace these instructions. If you have not treated questions here, check in the style manual listed above, ask your course coordinator or ask in academic Q + A.

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last updated on April 17, 2020

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